気象データ基盤を実装
- apps/weather 新規作成（WeatherRecord モデル、5種APIエンドポイント） - GET /api/weather/records/ 日次データ一覧 - GET /api/weather/summary/ 月別・年間集計 - GET /api/weather/gdd/ 有効積算温度（GDD）計算 - GET /api/weather/similarity/ 類似年分析（開花・収穫予測の基礎） - POST /api/weather/sync/ Windmill向け日次更新（APIキー認証） - management command: fetch_weather（初回一括・差分取得） - Crop.base_temp フィールド追加（GDD基準温度、default=0.0℃） - docker-compose.yml: MAIL_API_KEY 環境変数を追加（ローカルテスト修正） - requirements.txt: requests>=2.31 追加 Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Akira
349
backend/apps/weather/views.py
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349
backend/apps/weather/views.py
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import secrets
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import math
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import datetime
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from statistics import mean, stdev
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from django.conf import settings
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from django.db.models import Avg, Sum, Max, Min, Count, Q
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from rest_framework.views import APIView
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from rest_framework.response import Response
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from rest_framework import status
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from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission, IsAuthenticated
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from .models import WeatherRecord
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from .serializers import WeatherRecordSerializer, WeatherSyncSerializer
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 認証クラス
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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class WeatherAPIKeyPermission(BasePermission):
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"""X-API-Key ヘッダーで認証（Windmill向け）"""
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def has_permission(self, request, view):
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key = request.headers.get('X-API-Key', '')
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expected = getattr(settings, 'MAIL_API_KEY', '') # 既存キーを流用
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if not key or not expected:
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return False
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return secrets.compare_digest(key, expected)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# Windmill 向け: 日次データ同期 (POST)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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class WeatherSyncView(APIView):
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"""
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POST /api/weather/sync/
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Windmill から気象データを受け取り upsert する。
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単一オブジェクト、またはリスト形式どちらでも受け付ける。
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"""
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permission_classes = [WeatherAPIKeyPermission]
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def post(self, request):
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data = request.data
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if isinstance(data, dict):
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data = [data]
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saved = 0
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errors = []
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for item in data:
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date_val = item.get('date')
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if not date_val:
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errors.append({'item': item, 'error': 'date is required'})
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continue
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try:
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record, _ = WeatherRecord.objects.get_or_create(date=date_val)
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for field in ['temp_mean', 'temp_max', 'temp_min',
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'sunshine_h', 'precip_mm', 'wind_max', 'pressure_min']:
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val = item.get(field)
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if val is not None:
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setattr(record, field, float(val))
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record.save()
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saved += 1
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except Exception as e:
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errors.append({'item': item, 'error': str(e)})
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result = {'saved': saved}
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if errors:
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result['errors'] = errors
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code = status.HTTP_201_CREATED if saved > 0 else status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
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return Response(result, status=code)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# フロントエンド向け: 日次レコード一覧 (GET)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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class WeatherRecordListView(APIView):
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"""
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GET /api/weather/records/?year=2025
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GET /api/weather/records/?start=2025-01-01&end=2025-12-31
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"""
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permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]
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def get(self, request):
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qs = WeatherRecord.objects.all()
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year = request.query_params.get('year')
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start = request.query_params.get('start')
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end = request.query_params.get('end')
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if year:
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qs = qs.filter(date__year=int(year))
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if start:
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qs = qs.filter(date__gte=start)
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if end:
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qs = qs.filter(date__lte=end)
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serializer = WeatherRecordSerializer(qs, many=True)
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return Response(serializer.data)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# フロントエンド向け: 月別サマリー (GET)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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class WeatherSummaryView(APIView):
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"""
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GET /api/weather/summary/?year=2025
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月別集計（平均気温、降水量合計、日照合計、猛暑日・冬日数など）
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"""
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permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]
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def get(self, request):
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year = request.query_params.get('year')
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if not year:
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return Response({'error': 'year parameter is required'}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
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qs = WeatherRecord.objects.filter(date__year=int(year))
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monthly = []
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for month in range(1, 13):
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mqs = qs.filter(date__month=month)
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agg = mqs.aggregate(
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temp_mean_avg=Avg('temp_mean'),
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temp_max_avg=Avg('temp_max'),
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temp_min_avg=Avg('temp_min'),
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precip_total=Sum('precip_mm'),
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sunshine_total=Sum('sunshine_h'),
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wind_max=Max('wind_max'),
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)
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hot_days = mqs.filter(temp_max__gte=35).count()
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cold_days = mqs.filter(temp_min__lt=0).count()
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rainy_days = mqs.filter(precip_mm__gte=1.0).count()
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monthly.append({
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'month': month,
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**{k: (round(v, 1) if v is not None else None) for k, v in agg.items()},
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'hot_days': hot_days,
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'cold_days': cold_days,
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'rainy_days': rainy_days,
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})
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# 年間サマリー
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year_agg = qs.aggregate(
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temp_mean_avg=Avg('temp_mean'),
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precip_total=Sum('precip_mm'),
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sunshine_total=Sum('sunshine_h'),
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)
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annual = {k: (round(v, 1) if v is not None else None) for k, v in year_agg.items()}
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annual['hot_days'] = qs.filter(temp_max__gte=35).count()
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annual['cold_days'] = qs.filter(temp_min__lt=0).count()
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return Response({'year': int(year), 'monthly': monthly, 'annual': annual})
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 積算温度 (GDD) (GET)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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class WeatherGDDView(APIView):
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"""
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GET /api/weather/gdd/?start_date=2025-05-01&base_temp=10&end_date=2025-09-30
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起算日から指定日（省略時は昨日）までの有効積算温度を返す。
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日積算温度 = max(0, 平均気温 - 基準温度)
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"""
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permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]
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def get(self, request):
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start_date = request.query_params.get('start_date')
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if not start_date:
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return Response({'error': 'start_date is required'}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
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base_temp = float(request.query_params.get('base_temp', 0.0))
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end_date = request.query_params.get('end_date') or (
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datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
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).isoformat()
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records = WeatherRecord.objects.filter(
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date__gte=start_date,
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date__lte=end_date,
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temp_mean__isnull=False,
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).values('date', 'temp_mean')
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cumulative = 0.0
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daily_records = []
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for r in records:
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daily_gdd = max(0.0, r['temp_mean'] - base_temp)
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cumulative += daily_gdd
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daily_records.append({
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'date': r['date'],
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'temp_mean': r['temp_mean'],
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'daily_gdd': round(daily_gdd, 2),
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'cumulative_gdd': round(cumulative, 2),
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})
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return Response({
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'start_date': start_date,
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'end_date': end_date,
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'base_temp': base_temp,
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'total_gdd': round(cumulative, 2),
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'records': daily_records,
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})
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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# 類似年分析 (GET)
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# ──────────────────────────────────────────────
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def _year_feature(records_qs, month_from, month_to, day_to):
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"""
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指定した月/日の範囲の特徴量ベクトルを返す。
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month_from=1, month_to=2, day_to=28 なら 1/1〜2/28 のデータを使う。
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返り値: (mean_temp, total_precip, total_sunshine) または None
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"""
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# 1/1 から month_to/day_to まで
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qs = records_qs.filter(
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Q(date__month__lt=month_to) |
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Q(date__month=month_to, date__day__lte=day_to)
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)
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agg = qs.aggregate(
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mean_temp=Avg('temp_mean'),
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total_precip=Sum('precip_mm'),
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total_sunshine=Sum('sunshine_h'),
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)
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if any(v is None for v in agg.values()):
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return None
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return (agg['mean_temp'], agg['total_precip'], agg['total_sunshine'])
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class WeatherSimilarityView(APIView):
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"""
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GET /api/weather/similarity/?year=2026
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今年の 1/1〜今日 の気象パターンと過去年を比較し、
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最も似た上位3年とその年の残期間の実績データを返す。
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開花・収穫予測の参考情報として使う。
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"""
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permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated]
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def get(self, request):
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target_year = int(request.query_params.get('year', datetime.date.today().year))
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today = datetime.date.today()
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# 比較基準日（今年の場合は昨日まで、過去年は12/31まで）
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if target_year == today.year:
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compare_end = today - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
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else:
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compare_end = datetime.date(target_year, 12, 31)
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limit_month = compare_end.month
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limit_day = compare_end.day
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# 対象年の特徴量
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target_qs = WeatherRecord.objects.filter(date__year=target_year)
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target_feat = _year_feature(target_qs, 1, limit_month, limit_day)
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if target_feat is None:
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return Response({'error': f'{target_year} 年のデータが不足しています'}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
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# 全年リスト（対象年を除く）
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all_years = (
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WeatherRecord.objects
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.exclude(date__year=target_year)
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.values_list('date__year', flat=True)
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.distinct()
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.order_by('date__year')
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)
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year_features = {}
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for yr in all_years:
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qs = WeatherRecord.objects.filter(date__year=yr)
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feat = _year_feature(qs, 1, limit_month, limit_day)
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if feat is not None:
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year_features[yr] = feat
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if not year_features:
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return Response({'error': '比較可能な過去データがありません'}, status=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND)
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# 正規化: 各特徴量の平均・標準偏差
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all_feats = list(year_features.values()) + [target_feat]
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n_features = 3
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feat_means = [mean(f[i] for f in all_feats) for i in range(n_features)]
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feat_stds = []
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for i in range(n_features):
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vals = [f[i] for f in all_feats]
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sd = stdev(vals) if len(vals) > 1 else 1.0
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feat_stds.append(sd if sd > 0 else 1.0)
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def normalize(feat):
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return tuple((feat[i] - feat_means[i]) / feat_stds[i] for i in range(n_features))
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target_norm = normalize(target_feat)
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distances = {}
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for yr, feat in year_features.items():
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norm = normalize(feat)
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dist = math.sqrt(sum((target_norm[i] - norm[i]) ** 2 for i in range(n_features)))
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distances[yr] = dist
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top3 = sorted(distances.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])[:3]
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# 類似年それぞれの月別統計を返す
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result_years = []
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for yr, dist in top3:
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qs = WeatherRecord.objects.filter(date__year=yr)
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monthly = []
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for month in range(1, 13):
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mqs = qs.filter(date__month=month)
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agg = mqs.aggregate(
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temp_mean_avg=Avg('temp_mean'),
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temp_max_avg=Avg('temp_max'),
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precip_total=Sum('precip_mm'),
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sunshine_total=Sum('sunshine_h'),
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)
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hot_days = mqs.filter(temp_max__gte=35).count()
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storm_days = mqs.filter(wind_max__gte=10, precip_mm__gte=30).count()
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monthly.append({
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'month': month,
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**{k: (round(v, 1) if v is not None else None) for k, v in agg.items()},
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'hot_days': hot_days,
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'storm_days': storm_days,
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})
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feat = year_features[yr]
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result_years.append({
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'year': yr,
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'distance': round(dist, 3),
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'features': {
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'mean_temp': round(feat[0], 2),
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'total_precip': round(feat[1], 1),
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'total_sunshine': round(feat[2], 1),
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},
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'monthly': monthly,
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})
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target_feat_dict = {
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'mean_temp': round(target_feat[0], 2),
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'total_precip': round(target_feat[1], 1),
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'total_sunshine': round(target_feat[2], 1),
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}
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return Response({
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'target_year': target_year,
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'comparison_period': f'1/1〜{limit_month}/{limit_day}',
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'target_features': target_feat_dict,
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'similar_years': result_years,
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})
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